Justice Carpio explains how China’s new coast guard law represents a “deadly legal virus” that empowers the use of force to enforce expansive South China Sea claims contrary to international law and underscores the need for legal countermeasures by ASEAN states.
Justice Carpio explains the concept behind establishing a Philippine maritime militia in the West Philippine Sea—how civilian‑based vessel coordination could help supplement naval and coast guard presence to protect sovereign rights under international law.
Justice Carpio explains how China’s historical actions and nine‑dash line claim demonstrate hegemonic expansion in the South China Sea, marked by forceful seizures and militarization of disputed features to assert control contrary to international law.
Justice Carpio compares China’s expansive South China Sea claims to a maritime Lebensraum, explaining how Beijing’s attempt to control vast waters and resources violates UNCLOS and was rejected by the 2016 Arbitral Award, and calls for ASEAN cooperation to uphold lawful sovereign rights.