Justice Carpio explains why, under the Anti‑Terrorism Act, the CPP‑NPA’s armed rebellion does not by itself classify them as “terrorists,” because the law distinguishes terrorism from rebellion and requires intent to create widespread fear, meaning rebels cannot be automatically proscribed as a terrorist group.
Justice Carpio explains how warrantless arrest provisions in the Anti‑Terrorism Act must be applied in harmony with constitutional due process and existing arrest rules, emphasizing that probable cause and legal safeguards still constrain law enforcement actions.